Magnitude of Pre-Diabetes among Adult Nigerians with Essential Hypertension in a Primary Care Clinic of a Tertiary Hospital in South-Eastern, Nigeria
Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh,
Ndubueze Richard Uchenna
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2014
Pages:
1-8
Received:
25 December 2013
Published:
20 February 2014
Abstract: Background: Hypertension co-existing with Diabetes mellitus is increasing globally. However, current evidence has demonstrated the existence of a prolonged, intermediate phase of diabetes termed pre-diabetes in hypertensive patients. Aim: This study was designed to determine the magnitude of pre-diabetes among adult Nigerians with essential hypertension in a primary care clinic of a tertiary hospital in South-eastern, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study carried out on 320 adult hypertensive Nigerians who were age and sex matched with 320 non-hypertensive, non-diabetic control group at the primary care clinic of a tertiary hospital in South-eastern Nigeria. These patients were screened for pre-diabetes. Pre-diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose of 100-125 mg/dL and /or plasma glucose level of 140-199 mg/dL two hours after a 75g oral glucose load. Hypertension was defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressures ≥140/90 mmHg or documented use of antihypertensive medications in a previously diagnosed person with hypertension. Results: The prevalence of pre-diabetes was significantly higher in hypertensive patients (33.1%) than control (16.2%) (p= 0.001) with impaired fasting glycaemia ((29.4%) being the more common pattern. The mean fasting plasma glucose of the hypertensive patients (122.4mg/dL±1.7)) was significantly higher than that of the control (91.8mg/dL±2.4) (p=0.000). Similarly, the mean two hours oral glucose load of the hypertensive patients (183.4mg/dL±1.6) was significantly higher than that of the control (161.8mg/dL±1.9)(p=0.001). Conclusion: This study has shown the existence of pre-diabetes among the hypertensive patients with impaired fasting glycaemia being the more common pattern. Screening adult Nigerians with essential hypertension for pre-diabetes should constitute clinical targets for intervention in primary care clinic.
Abstract: Background: Hypertension co-existing with Diabetes mellitus is increasing globally. However, current evidence has demonstrated the existence of a prolonged, intermediate phase of diabetes termed pre-diabetes in hypertensive patients. Aim: This study was designed to determine the magnitude of pre-diabetes among adult Nigerians with essential hyperte...
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Hand Washing Study in Health Care Workers of a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Iran
Ali Majidpour,
Mohamad Hussein Shari’at
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2014
Pages:
16-19
Received:
20 December 2013
Published:
20 February 2014
Abstract: Hospital acquired infections are a worldwide problem and cross contamination transmission causes 40% of them while many of these infections are transmitted by healthcare workers. This study was designed to survey the prevalence of hand washing in health care workers (HCWs) of Rasoul Akram hospital, a tertiary level teaching hospital of Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on 350 healthcare workers, such as medical doctors, nurses, nurse' aide and other HCWs of the hospital. Questionnaire of hand washing made by WHO was used to collect data, and SPSS18 was used to data analysis. P value less than 0.05 was assumed significant. Oral consent was taken from participants before filling the questionnaire. Forty one percent were male, and average age of participants was 32.3 year (SD = 6.8). Sixty five percent of the participants were routinely washing their hands. One hundred and twenty seven cases had been participated in hand washing workshop and 82.5% of them used hand washing routinely which was significantly more than nonparticipating (p<0.001). Almost 48% of males and 76.8% of females did hand washing, which indicates a significant difference between males and females. Nurses had highest rate of hand washing(76.1%) and physicians had lowest(47.9%) and this was significant(p<0.001). Sixty three percent of HCWs of internal medicine division , 50.8% of surgical ward, 69.5% of Emergency department, 87.5% of pediatric diseases section and 78.1% of gynecology section were doing routine hand washing.
Abstract: Hospital acquired infections are a worldwide problem and cross contamination transmission causes 40% of them while many of these infections are transmitted by healthcare workers. This study was designed to survey the prevalence of hand washing in health care workers (HCWs) of Rasoul Akram hospital, a tertiary level teaching hospital of Iran Univers...
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