Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter Baumanii Versus MRSA Isolates in ICU in Clinical Center Skopje
Katja Popovska,
Milka Zdravkovska,
Milena Petrovska,
Azis Pollozhani
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
20-24
Received:
28 February 2014
Accepted:
8 April 2014
Published:
10 April 2014
Abstract: Backgorund: Acinetobacter baumannii is often referred to as the “Gram-negative methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus”, because it is frequently resistant to antibiotics. Clonal outbreaks of carbapenem-resistant and OXA-23–producing A. baumannii have been reported worldwide. Aim: The goal of this study was to promote the phenomenon of disbalance in endemic hospital ECO system which included increase of carbapenemase-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii on account of reduction of MRSA rate in surgical ICU and it’s clonal relatedness as well as the specific precautions. Material nad Methods: Computer database from 1994 – 2012 from surgical ICU patients in the Clinical Center Skopje was used as basic material for this study. Comparative study indicated 2007/8 as a break point period in which almost a twofold decrease of MRSA rates (from over 80% to 45%) versus increased rates of Acinetobacter baumanii (from 29% to 40%) was observed. In 2011 the very first eight strains of carbapenem resistant (resistant to imipenem and meropenem) A. baumannii, were observed. Disc diffusion and VITEK were used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Resultes: Three distinct strains were detected by PFEGE and were designated as UKIM01AC-1 (5 strains), UKIM01AC-2 (two strains) and 642/2 (one strain). UKIM01AC-1 representatives were PCR positive for bla (OXA-23-like), in addition to the bla (OXA- 51-like) gene which is intrinsic in Acinetobacter baumannii. All isolated strains belonged to European clone II lineage. Conclusion: This clone dispersed very fast in 2012 and achieved the rate of 61.9%. This implicated changes in infection control precautions.
Abstract: Backgorund: Acinetobacter baumannii is often referred to as the “Gram-negative methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus”, because it is frequently resistant to antibiotics. Clonal outbreaks of carbapenem-resistant and OXA-23–producing A. baumannii have been reported worldwide. Aim: The goal of this study was to promote the phenomenon of disbalan...
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Alterations in Plasma Glucose Levels among Blood Donors
Samuel Antwi-Baffour,
Josephine Agyaa Yobo,
Ransford Kyeremeh,
John Tetteh,
Richard Harry Asmah,
Patrick Ayeh-Kumi
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
25-28
Received:
24 April 2014
Accepted:
13 May 2014
Published:
20 May 2014
Abstract: Blood donors are required to meet several criteria which are intended to ensure that safe blood is made available for transfusion as well as keeping the donor safe. Plasma glucose levels may be altered immediately after blood donation. However, since plasma glucose testing is not part of the screening tests, individuals who may have low or high plasma glucose levels are likely to be passed fit to donate. This may be detrimental to their health. The objective of the study was to measure the random plasma glucose (RPG) levels in blood donors before and after donation and determine whether there is any significant change in their levels. Samples were obtained from the Accra Area Blood Centre (AABC) at the Korle-Bu teaching Hospital. Two hundred (200) subjects were recruited who were healthy individuals between the ages of 18-52 years who had satisfied the donor criteria set by the AABC. Pre-and-post donation RPG level for each sample was determined using the VitaLab Junior Selectra Clinical Chemistry analyzer. Majority of the subjects were in the age-range of 21-30 years and there were more males than females. The mean RPG concentration before donation was 5.70±2.24 mmol/l and 9.07±6.48 mmol/l afterwards. 95% confidence interval was used and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The findings indicate that the level of RPG is altered (mostly elevated) after blood donation. Knowing pre-donation glucose levels may therefore be important in keeping the donor safe.
Abstract: Blood donors are required to meet several criteria which are intended to ensure that safe blood is made available for transfusion as well as keeping the donor safe. Plasma glucose levels may be altered immediately after blood donation. However, since plasma glucose testing is not part of the screening tests, individuals who may have low or high pla...
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