Transfusion-Transmissible HIV Infection Risk in Kumba, Cameroon: A Qualitative Research
Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang,
Luchuo Engelbert Bain
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014
Pages:
38-44
Received:
3 July 2014
Accepted:
16 July 2014
Published:
30 July 2014
Abstract: Transfusion-transmissible HIV remains a challenge especially where transfusion of unsafe blood is a constant practice. The study’s purpose was to identify keys to unsafe blood transfusion that pose HIV transmission risk in Kumba, Cameroon. A qualitative research design was adopted, using semi-structured in-depth interviews, conducted with ten laboratory technicians working in Kumba, Cameroon, to deliberate on transfusion-transmissible HIV infection risk in their various places of work. The participants in this study perceived that there is transfusion-transmissible HIV risk in Kumba, Cameroon. The lack of safe blood means that anyone requiring blood in Kumba is at risk of transfusion-transmissible HIV infection. The establishment of blood banks in Kumba hospitals, the use of voluntary non-remunerated blood donors and the use of sensitive test kits that can detect HIV infections in the window period could improve on the quality and safety of blood donated to patients in Kumba, Cameroon.
Abstract: Transfusion-transmissible HIV remains a challenge especially where transfusion of unsafe blood is a constant practice. The study’s purpose was to identify keys to unsafe blood transfusion that pose HIV transmission risk in Kumba, Cameroon. A qualitative research design was adopted, using semi-structured in-depth interviews, conducted with ten labor...
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Prevalence of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children Aged 6 -60 Months Admitted at Mother of Christ Specialist Hospital Ogui, Enugu, Nigeria
Okwy-Nweke Chizoba,
P.,
Maduforo Aloysius,
N.,
Otiora C.,
Uche C. A.
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014
Pages:
45-51
Received:
24 July 2014
Accepted:
6 August 2014
Published:
20 August 2014
Abstract: Background: Prevalence of severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6 - 60 months in mother of Christ hospital Ogui Enugu was studied. The study was aimed: to determine the social demographic profile of severely malnourished children and/or parents of children with severe acute malnutrition, to determine the risk factors for severe acute malnutrition in admitted children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and to know the prevalence of wasting, stunting and under-weight of children from 6 - 60months. Methodology: Random selection was used to select the population studied. The data collected include the patients' mothers' biography, patients anthropometry, biochemical results and family size. The NCHS reference standard were used to determined the nutritional status of the children.SPSS version 16 was used to determine the descriptive statistics (percentages and frequencies).Result: The result of the survey revealed that there was a relationship between education attainment of mothers and child's conditional status which was significant (p < 0.05). Prevalence of severe acute malnutrition occurs mainly in families that have limited access to nutritious food and are living in unhygienic condition, which increases risk of repeated infections. Malnutrition was common in the first and second year of life as a result of inadequate breastfeeding of the child and high rate of infection. The study revealed that large households have significant (P< 0.05) influence on the nutritional status of the children than smaller household. Conclusion: In this study results indicated that malnutrition is a problem among children in the area. The prevalence of malnutrition such as wasting, stunting and underweight was high within the ages of 0-11 months and 12- 17 months. Child feeding practices were inadequate. Mother's characteristics and household feeding characteristics appear to influence children's nutritional status. Effort to improve feeding practices and to relieve the constraints to the adoption of exclusive breastfeeding and optimal feeding practices will have significant effects on child nutritional status in the population.
Abstract: Background: Prevalence of severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6 - 60 months in mother of Christ hospital Ogui Enugu was studied. The study was aimed: to determine the social demographic profile of severely malnourished children and/or parents of children with severe acute malnutrition, to determine the risk factors for severe acute malnutrit...
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Analysis of Prevention for Disease of Sundarbans
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014
Pages:
52-62
Received:
30 July 2014
Accepted:
15 August 2014
Published:
20 August 2014
Abstract: Sundarbans is the largest single mangrove forest in the world, occupying about 6,029 km2 in Bangladesh and the rest in India (Iftekhar & Islam, 2004). The Sundarbans supports a diverse fauna and flora (e.g. Prain, 1903; Siddiqi et al., 1993, Iftekhar, 2006), approximately one million people of Bangladesh and India depend on it directly for their livelihood (Iftekhar & Islam, 2004), and also it provides a critical natural habitat which helps protect the low lying country and its population from natural catastrophes such as cyclones (e.g. Blasco et al., 1992; Iftekhar, 2008). Despite this designation, this natural forest resources (Sundarbans) in Bangladesh has been facing tremendous problems, including that of dieback (top-dying), human destructions, deforestations, illicit fellings, miss-management of the main tree species (Heritiera fomes) which is affecting millions of trees. The cause of this dieback is still not well understood unknown. The present work has investigated one of the possible factors that might be causing this top-dying, namely the concentrations of various chemical elements present in the sediments, particularly heavy metals, though other chemical parameters such as the pH, salinity, moisture content of the sediment and nutrient status were also assessed. Tree height and trunk diameter were determined as indications of tree growth, counts of seedlings and saplings were made to assess regeneration success, and the intensity of top-dying within the sampled plots was recorded on a rank scale. However, the present results have showed that Sn, Exchangeable K, soil pH, Pb , Zn and Ni could be directly linked with top-dying disease of Heritiera fomes (Sundri) in Sundarbans, probably particularly by weakening the vigor of the trees and people and allowing other factors such as pathological agents to attack the plants and surrounding people in Sundarbans, Bangladesh (Awal, 2014). In fact, from since then and still now, the natural resource of Bangladesh like Sundarbans is being disturbed ecologically by human destruction.
Abstract: Sundarbans is the largest single mangrove forest in the world, occupying about 6,029 km2 in Bangladesh and the rest in India (Iftekhar & Islam, 2004). The Sundarbans supports a diverse fauna and flora (e.g. Prain, 1903; Siddiqi et al., 1993, Iftekhar, 2006), approximately one million people of Bangladesh and India depend on it directly for their li...
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