Surgical Infections and Hand Hygiene in a Surgical Ward
Mihaela Leșe,
Raul Daniel Micu-Chis
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2018
Pages:
76-81
Received:
24 October 2018
Accepted:
19 November 2018
Published:
10 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.ejpm.20180606.11
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Abstract: The purpose of the study is to compare the community-acquired surgical infections with nosocomial infections caused by germs that are transmitted through the hands, in the General Surgery Department of the Baia Mare Emergency County Hospital, Romania. Materials and methods. There were selected all positive cultures with germs that are circulated through poor hygiene of hands from patients hospitalized during 2017. Samples were taken from surgical wound, peritoneal fluid, sputum, urine, stool, blood cultures and tegument. From the patient's electronic records were recorded: age, gender, DRG disease code (ICD 10), type of wound, administered antibiotics, postoperative progression, length of hospitalization and cost of day of hospitalization. Results. There were 201 (5.61%) patients with community-acquired infections and 71 (1.98%) with nosocomial infections with Staphylococcus aureus MSSA and MRSA, Enterococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Candida, Clostridium difficile and Streptococcus pyogenes. Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus MRSA strains were more common in women, and the nosocomial ones in males. The most common deaths were caused by nosocomial infections with Candida (0.001), Klebsiella pneumoniae (p = 0.026) and Enterococcus (p = 0.001), and the highest cost / day of hospitalization was recorded in nosocomial infections with Staphylococcus aureus MRSA (p = 0.045), Enterococcus (p = 0.001) and Candida (p = 0.001). It was found resistance to betalactamic and vancomycin in the nosocomial strains of Staphylococcus aureus MRSA. Conclusions. Nosocomial infections with hands transmitted germs cause the worst surgical infections compared to community-acquired infections produced by the same types of germs.
Abstract: The purpose of the study is to compare the community-acquired surgical infections with nosocomial infections caused by germs that are transmitted through the hands, in the General Surgery Department of the Baia Mare Emergency County Hospital, Romania. Materials and methods. There were selected all positive cultures with germs that are circulated th...
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Physical Activity and Its Impact on Diabetes
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2018
Pages:
82-89
Received:
28 November 2018
Accepted:
21 December 2018
Published:
18 January 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.ejpm.20180606.12
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Abstract: The current wave of the diabetes epidemic has become a global public health issue. Multiple strategies have been studied in trying to curb the menace and promising among these is lifestyle intervention which includes regular physical activity. During physical activity there is an accelerated utilization of substrates particularly stored triglycerides by the muscles thereby improving insulin sensitivity and this is valuable in the prevention of diabetes. On prolonged exercise blood glucose is derived from the breakdown of glycogen and from non carbohydrate substrates via gluconeogenesis. Exercise has a positive effect on diabetes co-morbidities e.g. obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia as well as all-cause mortality. Regular physical activity mediates molecular events in the various pathways of diabetic complications like exerting anti-inflammatory effects to combat the chronic subclinical inflammation, fortifying the body antioxidant defense systems and reducing the formation and effects of advanced glycation end-products. The maximum health benefits of exercise are obtainable when done regularly and guidelines are available for the general public and individuals with diabetes on how to achieve these benefits. Finally, the emphasis on the importance of physical activity does not exclude the principle that patients with diabetic complications should seek expert counseling before embarking on an exercise program because some activities might be risky for this group of patients.
Abstract: The current wave of the diabetes epidemic has become a global public health issue. Multiple strategies have been studied in trying to curb the menace and promising among these is lifestyle intervention which includes regular physical activity. During physical activity there is an accelerated utilization of substrates particularly stored triglycerid...
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